Valve head for oil-operated well pumps



Aug. 24 1926.

I... M.' KELLOGG ET AL VALVE HEAD FOB OIL OPERATED WELL PUMPS Filed D60.26, 1924 4 4; 4 35 g2 f 7 4 a 40 /40 4 M f '87 ea j 5 I 7 l3 2: f fi I24 i I a 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 g/4M1 I INVENTORJI Aug. 24,1926. 1,597,162

L. M. KELLOGG ET AL VALVE HEAD FOR OIL OPERATED WELL PUMPS Filed Dec.26, 1924 2 Shee ts-Sheet 2 INVENTORS.

37 4 awn m Patented u 24, 1926.

UNITED STATES.

LEWIS I. KELLOGG, ARTHUR G. GAGE,

ANGELES, CALIFORNIA, ASSIGNORS, BY DIRECT AND my! ABSIGNIENTE. TO

, 1 597,162 PATENT OFFlCE..

AND CHARLES H. KOWIILIAIB, OF'LOS ALTA VISTA HYDRAULIC COMPANY, 01' L08ANGELES, CALIFORNIA, LA GOBPOBA- TION 01 CALIFORNIA.

"VALVE HEAD FOB OIL-OPERATED WELL PUKPS.

Application filed December 28, 1994.- Serial 16.158398.

The present invention refers mainly to the valve mechanism and system ofports or oil ways necessary to the operation of a device for pumping oilfrom very deep wells and operated by oil under pressure. The objectsbeing to provide a system of valves that will have long life inoperating such a puznp under heavy pressures, to make a valve head inwhich, by a certain arrangement of ports, the heavy pressures exerted onthe'valves are partly balanced and to provide means whereby the oil'usedto operate the valve head and the iston of the pump is dischargedthrough t e valve head into the same cylinder which operates to elevateoil from the well to the surface of the ground. Other objects may appearhereinafter.

The deep well oil' With reference to the drawings,--

Fig. 1 shows in sectional elevation all the valves and ports of thevalve head forming the basis of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a view in vertical elevation of Y the valves and ports shownin Fig. 1 and having some modification. This view and also Fig. 1 showsthe valves and ports not in proper relative position but rather extendedout on a common vertical plane.

' .Fig. 3 is an elevation, partly'in section, pumping cylinderer thevalve head and its piston and plunger.

v -Fig. 4 is a transverse sectional view of the valvehead. the vlewbeing m art dia ammatical and showing by dotte lines all the transverseconnecting ports for longitudinal bores.

operated pump of which the above mentioned valve head IS an essentialpart, comprises with reference to Fig. 3, a cylinder 1 hav ng a piston Asecond cylinder 3 forms alower extension of the cylinder 1 and carriesa. plunger 4' which is fixed to the under side of the pie ton 2. In thetop of the cylinder 1 is the valve head 5 and surrounding the cylinder jplaced eccentrically. so as to e is a jacket 6 7 along one side from topThe valve head 5, more s ifically, comvalve 8 screwed into the top endthereof alternately opens and part of the cylinder-1 a ve the piston 2,an inlet bore 9 into which it is intended to connect a hi h pressure oilfeed conduit 10, which exten to the surface of the ground, a pilot valvebore in the center carrying a pilot valve 11, a master valve borecarrying a master valve 12 and an under dischar ggore113 opening intothe top of the cylinand forming the dischar means for that The pilotvalve is provided in Fig. 1 with 3 piston sections 14, and 15 at the topand 16 and 17 at the bottom. A small vent port 18 connects the top ofthe pilot valve bore with the under discharge bore 13. Near the top asmall port 19 connects the pilot valve bore with the top end of themaster valve bore through a longitudinal bore 20. Above the port 19 asmall port '21 connects the ilot valve bore with the under discharge re13 and below the bore a small port 23 connects that herewith the bottomend of the master valve bore through a longitudinal bore 24. Below the"pgrt 23 a port 25 connects the pilot valve re with the under dischargebore 13 and above the ort 23 a pilot valve pistons 14 and 15 formed atthe top or we.

pilotvalve operate, by a sliding movement I ofthe. valve, to open andclose alternately 85 ports 21 and 22 to port 19 and the pistons.

rt 26 connects the" re with t e inlet bore 9. The

ort 19 a small port' v 22 connects the pilot va ve bore with the in letbore 9. At the bottom of the vpilot valve" 16 and 17. at the bottom ofthe pilot valve operateto alternately open and close ports 25 and 26 toport 23.

The master valve bore isconnected with the side channel 7 by a big crossport 27' and is also connected with the inlet bore 9, 1 below the ,byaport 29 with the. underdischarge' bore 13. The masterv'alve .12 carriesa piston 30 at: thetop and a piston 31, at the bottom connected by arecessed rt 27, by a port 28 and above the port section 32 which by asliding movementof the valve to the top and bottom of its bore closesport 27 in the ports 28 and 29.

The pilot valve extends into the cylinder 1 and is provided with acoller 33, a stem 34 and a second collar 35 at the lower end of v thestem. The piston'2 and plunger 4 are provided with a central bore 37' inwhich is disposed a trip. 36 adapted to operate the ilot valve throughthe collars 33 and 35 y the stroking of the pump, the stem 34 dependinginto the bore 37 the length of the pumping stroke. In the bore of theplunger a foot valve, not shown, is mounted,

the bore acting as the inlet means for that part of the cylinder abovethe piston 2.

In the modification shown in Fig. 2 all the I longitudinal bores are thesame as in Fig. 1,

' aninlet the chan e being mainly in the form of the pilot vafire andits ports as follows: The pilot valve is rovided with a piston 38 at thetop end, t ere being but one cross port'- being in the positlon of thelarge ports con-- necting into the master valve h'ore. Where in Fig. 1the inlet port 28 is below and the outlet port 29 is above the port 27,in Fig. 2 port 41 is above and an outlet port 42 is be ow when the ilotvalve is pulled down the master valve is moved to the bottom of itsbore.

and in Fig.2 when the pilot valve is pulled down the master valve ismoved to the top of its bore but in each case efi'ectingthe same result.

The master valve is formed with hollow ends and the master valve bore isclosed at top and bottom with screwed plugs 43 and a 44, respectively,and havin extensions 45 and 46 which ave 'a loose ends and when seatedtherein form and bottom stops for the valve.

The pump herein set forth isdesigned to t WP operate on high pressureoil admitted to the 7 cylinder 1 under. the piston 2 which forces episton up to discharge oil from the well which enters. the space abovethe piston through the foot valve and bore 37. The

down stroke of the piston and dplunger is effected by gravity and theoil un er vthe piston which actuated it to the top'of the strokef isdischarged through the valve head into the top or pumping end of thecylinder. 'On, account of a differential of piston areas created by thearea of the plunger fixed to the under side of the piston a lesservolume of oil is used to operate the pump upwardly than I the volumeoccupying the space above the piston. Therefore in its operation thepump delivers to thesurface of, the ground more,

oil than it takes to operate it, the volume of "net oil being equal,theoretically, to the cf I vcalm: g ;.1.' In an oil operated well pumpinico'ms fective volume of the plunger.

In the operation of the resent invention with high pressure oil in't ebore 9 a small a volume passes throught e po t 22, 91191 the port'27..Thus in Fig. 1.

t in the hollow bore 13 and ports 29, 21 and that, uring the up strokeof the piston 2 when the top claimed. Having thus described'ourinvention,. we.

valve bore, port 19 and bore 20 into the master valve bore and forcesthe master valve to the bottom of its bore, the oilunder the .mastervalve passing out through port 23, vbore 24, pilot valve bore and port25 into the bore 13. In the cylinder, at the time of this action, is avolume of Well oil drawn in by the downward movement of the piston andplunger. With the master valve in this position high pressure oil passesfrom the re-9 through port 28, master valve bore,

port 27-, channel 7 and a port 7 into the cylinder 1 below the piston 2,thus forcing it up and "clischarging the oil above it out ter valvetothe top ofits bore, the oil above the master valve passing into the.bore 13 through port .19, bore 20, pilot valve bore and port 21. Withthe master valve in this 1 positlon the high pressure oil is cut off andthe port 7 channel 7 and port 27 are open to the bore 13 through themaster valve bore,

between pistons and 31 and port 29. Thus by the weight of the piston 2and plunger 4' the oil under the piston is forced into the top of thecylinder from which it is subsequently discharged with other oil fromthe well to the surface of the ground.

When the piston 2 reaches the bottom of its stroke the'collar is engagedby the trip 36 and the pilot valve is again pulled down thus completingthe cycle.

and cylinder]; is under a. pressure equal to It will be noted byfollowing throu h-the' the static head of oil from the 'pumpt o-thesurface of the ground, that certainpistons {of both the master valve andthe pilot valve,

which have on one side the high pressure oil from the bore 9, have onthe other side the static pressure above mentioned and the pressures onop osite sides are therefore in "part balanced-t us to some extent,lengthemng the life of the valves.

' It will be seen by the foregoing that the upper-end of thecylinder 1is a pumping 1 end and" that the lower -endyis an actuating end and theyare sodesignated in the claims.

It is to be understood that outside of the modifications shown in Fig.2, otherchanges might be'made 'in the invention, as set forth binationwith a cylinder having a without departing from the spirit-thereof as erend of the cylinder and adapted to the purpose of decreasing-the area ofthe actuating side of the piston, an inlet means for'the pumping end ofthe cylinder, a discharge means for the umping end of the cylinder and.a port or the actuatin prising a body member, an inlet bore ada tvalvebore with t ed to receive oil under ressure, va iseharge bore openinginto t e pumping end of the cylinder, a master valve bore, a pilot valvebore, an inlet port connecting the inlet box c with the master valvebore, a dis-.

charge port connecting the master valve bore with the above mentioneddischarge bore, a port connectin the master valve bore with the port oft e actuating end of,

the cylinder, amaster valve mounted slidably in the master valve boreand having pistons adapted to open and close alternately the inlet anddischarge ports, above named, to the port communicating with:

th actuating end of the cylinder, inlet ports connecting the inlet borewith the pi-' lot valve'bore, a port connecting the pilot e top end ofthe master valve bore, a port connecting the ilot valve bore with thebottom end 0 the to the ports connecting with the master valve bore andmeans for operating the pilot valve-by the stroking of the piston withinthe cylinder. 7,

"*2. In anoil operated wellpump 'combination with a' cylinder having apumping end and an actuating end and adapted to operate in a verticalposition with the pumping end above the actuating end, a piston for thecylinder, a plunger fixed to 1 the piston and depending throu h the ac-I, matmg d Of'the cylinder an the=vpur adapted of decreasing th area ofthe under side of thepiston, an inlet means vfor the pumping end of thecylinder, a discharge means for the pumping end of the cylinder, and aport for the actuating end -of'the cylinder, a valve head operatively,mounted relativeto the cylinder, an inlet bore forthe valve head, adischarge bore 'for the valve head communicating with the pumping and ofthe cylinder, valves for the valve'head adapted to operate thepistonupwardly through a disc argmg means for operatin lunger fixed to gthe under side of the piston an end of the cylinder, a valve head mountein the pumping end of the cylinder com-- discharging and means foroperating strokeand to then transfer th fluid which was required tooperate the piston upwardly atively' moun into the pumping end of thecylinder and the valves by the stroking of the piston.

3. In an oil operated well pump in com bination with a cylinder having aumping end and an actuatingend and a apted to operate in a verticalposition with the pumping end above the actuating end, a

piston tor the cylinder, a plun r fixed to depending through theactuating end of the cylinder and adapted to decrease the area of theunder side of the iston, an inlet means for-the pumping on of thecylinder, a discharge means for th pumping end of the cylinder, and aninlet and discharge port for the actuating .end of the piston, a valvehead operatively mounted relative to the cylinder, an inlet bore for thevalve head adapted to receive 'actuatin fluid under pressure, valves forthe va ve head for operating the piston b high pressure fluid from theinlet bore an adapted to be operated by the stroking of the piston andmeans for partly balancing the pressure on the valves of the hi hpressure fluid from the inlet bore with t e pressure of the dischargingcolumn of fluid extending from the pump to the surface of theground.

4. An oil operated well pump in combination with a cylinder having'apumping end v and an actuating end and adapted to oper- 'atein avertical position with the pumping end above the actuating end,apistonfor the cylinder, a plunger fixed to the under side of the piston andextending through the actuating end of the cylinder and adapted to thepur ose of decreasing the area of the under side of the piston, an inletmeans for the pumpin end of the cylinder, a discharge means or thepumping end of the cylinder and an inlet and discharge port for theactuating end of the cylinder, a valve head operatively mounted relativeto the cylinder, an inlet bore for the valve head, a discharge bore forthe valve. head, connecting with the path in end of the cylinder, valvesfor the va ve ead adapted to operate the piston u wardly throu h astroke by igh pressure uid from the inlet bore and to then transferressure on the valves of t e high pressure aid from the inlet bare withthe static head of the fluid discharged by the pum and extending to thesurface of the groun the valves by the stroking of the piston. Y

5. In an. oil operated :bination with a pumping cyhnd by fluidunderressure, avalve hea o r relative to the 'cyll-n Gr,

well umpin oom- P ero rated the fluid, used to actuate the, fpiston up--:ivardly, into the pumping end 0 f 81 piston, means for partiallbalancing the va ves-amounted at the valve head for- -operatingv the clinder and ports CQDDGCt-a with the cy 'nder and with the valves in I-ad%.pted to dischar e the -fluid required to actuate l the cylin erinto the pumping chamber thereof whereb the actuatingv fluid issubsequently -disc arged with the fluid upon which the pump isoperating.

6; In an oil operated well' ump 1n combination with a pumping cylinderadapted .tobe operated by fluid under pressure, a

valve'head operatively mounted relative to .the cylinder, valves mountedin the valve head for operating, the cylinder and portsdisposed relativeto the static pressure against which the pump is operating whereby thesaid stat1c pressure opposes the working pressure of the operating fluidagainst the valves."

\ to be. operated by valve head operatively mounted relative to. thecylinder, valves mounted in the valve 25 7 der .a apted to conductactuating fluid to.

.; an actuating end'of the cyl nder and from end of the cylinder to "21'30 pumping en of the cylinder and means nation with a 'pum ing'cylinderadapted uid under pressure, a

head for operating the cylinder, ports connectin with the valves andwith the cylinthe actuatin compnsm an arrangement of the above mentionsworkm against which the pump is working.

7. In an Oll operated well pump in combi ports adapted" to balance thepressure of the actuating fiuid- 7 upon t e valves 'with the staticpressure 8; In a valve head, in combination, a body member havingcertain bores and ports as follows: an inlet'bore adapted to conduct anactuating fluid, an-under discharge bore, for the purpose set forth, a;

ilot valve bore, a master valve bore, an

vinlet port connecting the inlet bore with the master valve bore,vadischarge bore 'close alternatel the inlet and the ischarge ports tothe third port aforesaid, ports connecting the inlet here with: thepilot valve bore, orts connecting the'pilot valve bore with the underdischarge bore, a port connecting the pilot valve bore with vone end ofthe master valve bore, a port connectin the ilot valve bore with theother en .0)? tie master valve bore,'- a pilot valve mounted in thepilot valve bore and having pistons adapted to open and close. the portsof the pilot valve bore in such. a

manner as to cause a proper movement ofthe master valve in its bore anda stem for operating" the pilot valve.

In testimony whereof, we have hereunto signed our names to thisspecification.

LEWIS M. "KELLOGG.

- ARTHUR GcGAGE.

CHARLES-H. McWILLIAMS.,

